Ali Aldahan

Instructor Mohd Muzhafa Idrus (Mozac)

English Gold A2

April 17 2010

Pollution: Its Causes and Effects

X city is a city that used to be a beautiful and quiet city. 15 years later, factories, companies, nightclubs and casinos occupied the city and change it to an industrial, crowded and polluted city. When you look at the city from the air, you can see the black smokes coming out from the factories’ chimneys making a dark cloud. When you look at the sea, which is beside the city, you can see the green and black water killing the sea life, and when you stand in the middle of the city, you can hear the loud noise that makes people awake all day. Pollution is a factor that affects air, water, or soil. These days, pollution is one of the most difficult issues the world faces. Air, water, and noise pollution are the most common kinds of pollution in the world. Each kind of pollution has different causes that affect the environment around it (1).

Air is mixed with elements in a fixed percentage. The fixed percentage of the air’s elements is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.3% carbon dioxide and 0.7% of other elements (2). Those percentages can be changed by many factors making air pollution. Air pollution is the changes of the percentages of the main elements for it. Air pollution is the most dangerous kind of pollution because it easy to spread from an area to another area in a short time. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are the most dangerous elements when the percentages of them increase, they can affect the living organisms, and they can affect more than that. There are many factors that cause the increase of the personages of the dangerous elements such as factories’ smokes, the exhaust of cars and burning the forests. Many different breathing issues affect humans such as pneumonia, asthma and tuberculosis due to the increase of the percentage of carbon monoxide. When both percentages of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides increase, the process of photosynthesis in plants gets slowly; therefore, the earth temperature rises. Because of the rising in the temperature, many animals cannot afford the rise, so most of them die. Air pollution does not only affect living organisms, it also affects the ozone layer making a hole that it allows a large quantity of the solar radiation go throw it ; as a result, the ice melts in the Artic and Antarctica making problems in the water balance that leads to floods around the world. The cause of air pollution is related to the changes in the percentages of the elements that are mixed together. Air pollution can impact the living creatures and the impact can develop to more than that.

Water is the basis of life on any planet, and it covers around 70% of the earth. Water, whose chemical symbol is H2O, is a composite consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (3). We can say that the water is polluted when the color and the smell of the water has been changed. There are many causes can polluted water. One of the main causes that makes the water polluted is the oil spill. Because of the oil spill a large number of sea life died. For example, in 1991, during the Golf War many of the ships that care oil had been attacked, and oil had been spilled; therefore, 95% of the sea life in the Persian Gulf died (4). A second cause that can affect water is sanitation. Sanitation is thrown in the oceans, so a fat layer can be composed, and obscures the vision of water; therefore, an unpleasant smell comes out of the water like the smell of hydrogen sulfide. A third cause is throwing the garbage in the oceans. The reproduction of the marine creatures can be slow as a result of throwing the garbage. Humans might expose to diseases such as Cholera, hepatitis and skin infections Due to the polluted water.

Noise pollution is the unwanted votes that affect humans and animals. Usually the crowded cities are the places that noise pollution can be found. There are many causes can make polluted cities such as transportation, constructions and people’s noise. Many issues affect in people’s life such as nervous tension and headache due the noise (5). In addition, many people lost their appetite, so they lost their concentration especially in mental things. Noise pollution can do more than that, it can make people die. For example, 27 people in Riyadh, which is the capital of Saudi Arabia, died in the last three years because they could not afford the terrible noise (6). Also, noise pollution can affect animals making them do some strange things.


In conclusion, the different kinds of pollution are dangerous, so organizations are trying to limit them. Air pollution is the most dangerous kind of pollution that affects humans, animals and plants. Water pollution impacts the sea life and humans making problems and diseases to them. Noise pollution affects humans and animals making unbalance in the nervous system. In my opinion, pollution is the most difficult case the world is facing, and governments should make strict laws for this issue to limit the effects of pollution.






Sources :


1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution

2) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution

3) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution

4) http://www.asharqalarabi.org.uk/center1/wahat-l-t-i.htm

5) http://www.alriyadh.com/2008/12/02/article391909.html

6) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_pollution